1. Malamulo onse
1.1 Magawo a digito, analogi, ndi DAA mawaya amawu amagawika kale pa PCB.
1.2 Magawo a digito ndi analogi ndi waya wofananira ayenera kulekanitsidwa momwe angathere ndikuyikidwa m'malo awo olumikizirana.
1.3 Zizindikiro za digito zothamanga kwambiri ziyenera kukhala zazifupi momwe zingathere.
1.4 Sungani zowunikira za analogi zazifupi momwe mungathere.
1.5 Kugawa koyenera kwa mphamvu ndi nthaka.
1.6 DGND, AGND, ndi gawo zimasiyanitsidwa.
1.7 Gwiritsani ntchito mawaya otakata popereka mphamvu komanso ma sign ofunikira.
1.8 Dera la digito limayikidwa pafupi ndi mawonekedwe a mabasi / serial DTE, ndipo dera la DAA limayikidwa pafupi ndi mawonekedwe a foni.
2. Kuyika kwa zigawo
2.1 Pachithunzi chadongosolo ladongosolo:
a) Gawani mabwalo a digito, analogi, a DAA ndi mabwalo okhudzana nawo;
b) Gawani magawo a digito, analogi, osakanikirana a digito / analogi pagawo lililonse;
c) Samalirani kuyika kwa magetsi ndi ma pini a siginecha a chipangizo chilichonse cha IC.
2.2 Gawani poyambira mawaya a digito, analogi, ndi DAA mabwalo pa PCB (chiwerengero chonse 2/1/1), ndipo sungani zida za digito ndi analogi ndi mawaya awo ofananirako kutali momwe mungathere ndikuzichepetsa ku zomwe angakwanitse. mawaya madera.
Zindikirani: Dera la DAA likakhala ndi gawo lalikulu, padzakhala zowongolera zambiri / mawonekedwe omwe amadutsa m'malo ake opangira ma waya, omwe amatha kusinthidwa molingana ndi malamulo amderalo, monga kagawo kakang'ono, kuponderezana kwakukulu, malire apano, ndi zina zambiri.
2.3 Gawo loyambirira likamalizidwa, yambani kuyika zida kuchokera ku Connector ndi Jack:
a) Malo a plug-in amasungidwa mozungulira Cholumikizira ndi Jack;
b) Siyani malo opangira mphamvu ndi mawaya apansi mozungulira zigawozo;
c) Ikani pambali udindo wa pulagi lolingana kuzungulira Socket.
2.4 Magawo oyamba osakanizidwa (monga zida za Modem, A/D, tchipisi ta D/A, ndi zina zotero):
a) Tsimikizirani momwe magawo amayikidwira, ndikuyesa kupangitsa kuti siginecha ya digito ndi zikhomo za analogi ziyang'ane madera awo olumikizirana;
b) Ikani zigawo pa mphambano ya madera a digito ndi analogi.
2.5 Ikani zida zonse za analogi:
a) Ikani zigawo za ma analogi, kuphatikiza mabwalo a DAA;
b) Zida za analogi zimayikidwa pafupi ndi mzake ndikuyikidwa pambali pa PCB yomwe imaphatikizapo zizindikiro za TXA1, TXA2, RIN, VC, ndi VREF;
c) Pewani kuyika zida zaphokoso kwambiri mozungulira TXA1, TXA2, RIN, VC, ndi VREF;
d) Kwa ma module a DTE, DTE EIA/TIA-232-E
Wolandira / dalaivala wa zizindikiro za mawonekedwe a mndandanda ayenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi Cholumikizira komanso kutali ndi njira yowonetsera mawotchi apamwamba kwambiri kuti achepetse / kupewa kuwonjezereka kwa zipangizo zochepetsera phokoso pamzere uliwonse, monga ma coils ndi capacitors.
2.6 Ikani zida za digito ndi ma capacitor odulira:
a) Zigawo za digito zimayikidwa palimodzi kuti zichepetse kutalika kwa waya;
b) Ikani 0.1uF decoupling capacitor pakati pa magetsi ndi pansi pa IC, ndipo sungani mawaya olumikiza mwachidule kuti muchepetse EMI;
c) Kwa ma module amabasi ofanana, zigawozo zili pafupi
Cholumikizira chimayikidwa m'mphepete kuti chigwirizane ndi mawonekedwe a mabasi ogwiritsira ntchito, monga kutalika kwa mzere wa basi wa ISA kumangokhala 2.5in;
d) Kwa ma serial DTE modules, mawonekedwe ozungulira ali pafupi ndi Cholumikizira;
e) Dera la crystal oscillator liyenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi chipangizo chake choyendetsa.
2.7 Mawaya apansi a dera lililonse nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mfundo imodzi kapena zingapo ndi 0 Ohm resistors kapena mikanda.
3. Njira yolumikizira ma Signal
3.1 Mumayendedwe a ma signal a modemu, mizere yowonetsera yomwe imakhala ndi phokoso komanso mizere yowonetsera yomwe imatha kusokoneza iyenera kusungidwa kutali momwe zingathere.Ngati sichingalephereke, gwiritsani ntchito mzere wosalowerera kuti mudzipatula.
3.2 Mawaya amtundu wa digito ayenera kuyikidwa m'malo opangira ma waya a digito momwe angathere;
Mawaya amtundu wa analogi ayenera kuyikidwa m'malo opangira ma waya amtundu wa analogi momwe angathere;
(Zodzipatula zitha kuyikidwatu kuti zichepetse kuti zisamatuluke m'malo olowera)
Kutsata kwa ma siginecha a digito ndi kutsata ma siginecha a analogi ndizokhazikika kuti muchepetse kulumikizana.
3.3 Gwiritsani ntchito mayendedwe akutali (nthawi zambiri pansi) kuti mutseke ma siginecha a analoji kumalo opangira ma analogi.
a) Zotsalira zapamtunda zakutali m'dera la analogi zimakonzedwa mbali zonse za bolodi la PCB kuzungulira malo opangira mawaya a analogi, okhala ndi mzere wa 50-100mil;
b) Njira zakutali zomwe zili m'dera la digito zimayendetsedwa mozungulira mawaya a digito mbali zonse za bolodi la PCB, ndi m'lifupi mwake mzere wa 50-100mil, ndipo m'lifupi mwa mbali imodzi ya bolodi ya PCB iyenera kukhala 200mil.
3.4 Kufanana kwa mzere wamabasi ofananira m'lifupi mwake> 10mil (nthawi zambiri 12-15mil), monga /HCS, /HRD, /HWT, /RESET.
3.5 M'lifupi mwake mzere wa zizindikiro za chizindikiro cha analogi ndi> 10mil (nthawi zambiri 12-15mil), monga MICM, MICV, SPKV, VC, VREF, TXA1, TXA2, RXA, TELIN, TELOUT.
3.6 Zizindikiro zina zonse za zizindikiro ziyenera kukhala zazikulu momwe zingathere, mzere wa mzere uyenera kukhala> 5mil (10mil mwachizoloŵezi), ndipo zizindikiro zapakati pa zigawo ziyenera kukhala zazifupi momwe zingathere (kulingalira koyambirira kuyenera kuganiziridwa poyika zipangizo).
3.7 Kutalika kwa mzere wa bypass capacitor kupita ku IC yofananira kuyenera kukhala> 25mil, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito ma vias kuyenera kupewedwa momwe mungathere.3.8 Mizere yodutsa yodutsa m'malo osiyanasiyana (monga mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri / mawonekedwe) ayenera kudutsa mawaya apansi akutali pamalo amodzi (okondedwa) kapena mfundo ziwiri.Ngati kutsata kuli mbali imodzi yokha, njira yotalikirapo imatha kupita tsidya lina la PCB kuti mulumphe mayendedwe azizindikiro ndikupitilirabe.
3.9 Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito ngodya za 90-degree pamayendedwe apamwamba kwambiri, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito ma arc osalala kapena makona a digirii 45.
3.10 Kuwongolera ma siginoloji pafupipafupi kuyenera kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito maulumikizidwe.
3.11 Sungani zizindikiro zonse kutali ndi crystal oscillator circuit.
3.12 Pakuwongolera ma siginolo othamanga kwambiri, njira imodzi mosalekeza iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupeŵa mkhalidwe womwe zigawo zingapo zamayendedwe zimachoka pamalo amodzi.
3.13 Mu dera la DAA, siyani malo osachepera 60mil kuzungulira pobowola (zigawo zonse).
4. Mphamvu zamagetsi
4.1 Dziwani mgwirizano wolumikizana ndi mphamvu.
4.2 M'malo opangira ma waya a digito, gwiritsani ntchito 10uF electrolytic capacitor kapena tantalum capacitor mofananira ndi 0.1uF ceramic capacitor ndikulumikiza pakati pa magetsi ndi pansi.Ikani imodzi pamapeto olowera mphamvu komanso kumapeto kwa bolodi la PCB kuti mupewe ma spikes amphamvu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusokoneza kwaphokoso.
4.3 Kwa matabwa a mbali ziwiri, mofanana ndi dera logwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, mozungulira dera lozungulira ndi zizindikiro za mphamvu ndi mzere wa mzere wa 200mil mbali zonse ziwiri.(mbali inayo iyenera kukonzedwa mofanana ndi malo a digito)
4.4 Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za mphamvu zimayikidwa poyamba, ndiyeno zizindikiro zimayikidwa.
5. pansi
5.1 Mu bolodi lokhala ndi mbali ziwiri, madera osagwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira ndi pansi pa zigawo za digito ndi analogi (kupatula DAA) amadzazidwa ndi madera a digito kapena analoji, ndipo madera omwewo a gawo lililonse amagwirizanitsidwa palimodzi, ndipo madera omwewo a zigawo zosiyana ndi osiyana. kulumikizidwa kudzera pa ma vias angapo : Pini ya Modem DGND imalumikizidwa ndi malo apansi a digito, ndipo pini ya AGND imalumikizidwa ndi malo apansi a analogi;malo a digito ndi malo apansi a analogi amasiyanitsidwa ndi kusiyana kolunjika.
5.2 Mu bolodi la magawo anayi, gwiritsani ntchito malo a digito ndi analogi kuti muphimbe zigawo za digito ndi analogi (kupatula DAA);Pini ya Modem ya DGND imalumikizidwa ndi malo a digito, ndipo pini ya AGND imalumikizidwa ndi malo apansi a analogi;malo a digito ndi malo apansi a analogi amagwiritsidwa ntchito olekanitsidwa ndi kusiyana kolunjika.
5.3 Ngati fyuluta ya EMI ikufunika pakupanga, malo ena ayenera kusungidwa pa socket ya mawonekedwe.Zida zambiri za EMI (mikanda / capacitors) zitha kuikidwa m'derali;kugwirizana kwa izo.
5.4 Mphamvu yamagetsi ya module iliyonse yogwira ntchito iyenera kupatulidwa.Ma modules ogwira ntchito akhoza kugawidwa mu: mawonekedwe a mabasi ofanana, kuwonetsera, dera la digito (SRAM, EPROM, Modem) ndi DAA, ndi zina zotero.
5.5 Pa ma serial DTE modules, gwiritsani ntchito ma decoupling capacitor kuti muchepetse kulumikizana kwamagetsi, ndikuchitanso chimodzimodzi pamalaini amafoni.
5.6 Waya wapansi umalumikizidwa kudzera pa mfundo imodzi, ngati n'kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito Bead;ngati kuli kofunikira kupondereza EMI, lolani kuti waya wapansi agwirizane ndi malo ena.
5.7 Mawaya onse apansi akhale otakasuka, 25-50mil.
5.8 Kutsata kwa capacitor pakati pa magetsi onse a IC / pansi kuyenera kukhala kwaufupi momwe kungathekere, ndipo osagwiritsa ntchito mabowo.
6. Crystal oscillator dera
6.1 Zizindikiro zonse zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zolowetsa / zotulutsa za crystal oscillator (monga XTLI, XTLO) ziyenera kukhala zazifupi momwe zingathere kuti zichepetse mphamvu ya kusokoneza phokoso ndi kugawa capacitance pa Crystal.Kutsata kwa XTLO kuyenera kukhala kwakufupi momwe kungathekere, ndipo ngodya yopindika siyenera kuchepera madigiri 45.(Chifukwa XTLO imalumikizidwa ndi dalaivala wokhala ndi nthawi yofulumira komanso yapano)
6.2 Palibe wosanjikiza pansi pa bolodi lokhala ndi mbali ziwiri, ndipo waya wapansi wa crystal oscillator capacitor uyenera kulumikizidwa ndi chipangizocho ndi waya wamfupi momwe angathere.
Pini ya DGND yomwe ili pafupi kwambiri ndi kristalo oscillator, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma vias.
6.3 Ngati n'kotheka, tsitsani kristalo.
6.4 Lumikizani chopinga cha 100 Ohm pakati pa pini ya XTLO ndi nodi ya crystal/capacitor.
6.5 Pansi pa crystal oscillator capacitor imalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi pini ya GND ya Modem.Osagwiritsa ntchito malo apansi kapena ma trace apansi kuti mulumikizane ndi capacitor ku pini ya GND ya Modem.
7. Mapangidwe a Modem odziimira pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a EIA/TIA-232
7.1 Gwiritsani ntchito chikwama chachitsulo.Ngati chipolopolo cha pulasitiki chikufunika, zojambula zachitsulo ziyenera kuikidwa mkati kapena zoyendetsa ziyenera kupopera kuti zichepetse EMI.
7.2 Ikani Chosaka chapatani yofanana pa chingwe chilichonse chamagetsi.
7.3 Zigawozo zimayikidwa palimodzi ndikuyandikira Cholumikizira cha mawonekedwe a EIA/TIA-232.
7.4 Zida zonse za EIA/TIA-232 zimalumikizidwa payekhapayekha ku mphamvu / pansi kuchokera kugwero lamagetsi.Gwero la mphamvu/pansi liyenera kukhala potengera mphamvu pa bolodi kapena potengerapo cholumikizira chamagetsi.
7.5 EIA/TIA-232 chingwe chizindikiro pansi pa digito lapansi.
7.6 Pazochitika zotsatirazi, chishango cha chingwe cha EIA/TIA-232 sichifunika kulumikizidwa ku chipolopolo cha Modem;kugwirizana kopanda kanthu;olumikizidwa ku nthaka ya digito kudzera mu mkanda;chingwe cha EIA/TIA-232 chimalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi nthaka ya digito pomwe mphete ya maginito imayikidwa pafupi ndi chipolopolo cha Modem.
8. Mawaya a VC ndi VREF ma capacitors ozungulira ayenera kukhala afupiafupi momwe angathere komanso kukhala m'dera losalowerera ndale.
8.1 Lumikizani chodutsa chabwino cha 10uF VC electrolytic capacitor ndi 0.1uF VC capacitor ku VC pin (PIN24) ya Modem kudzera pa waya wosiyana.
8.2 Lumikizani cholumikizira cha 10uF VC electrolytic capacitor ndi 0.1uF VC capacitor ku pini ya AGND (PIN34) ya Modem kudzera mu Mkanda ndikugwiritsa ntchito waya wodziyimira pawokha.
8.3 Lumikizani positi ya 10uF VREF electrolytic capacitor ndi 0.1uF VC capacitor ku VREF pin (PIN25) ya Modem kudzera pa waya wosiyana.
8.4 Lumikizani cholumikizira cha 10uF VREF electrolytic capacitor ndi 0.1uF VC capacitor ku VC pin (PIN24) ya Modem kudzera m'njira yodziyimira payokha;dziwani kuti ndizodziyimira pawokha kutsata 8.1.
VREF ——+———+
┿ 10u ┿ 0.1u
VC ——+———+
┿ 10u ┿ 0.1u
+——–+—–~~~~~—+ AGND
Mkanda wogwiritsidwa ntchito uyenera kukumana:
Kusokoneza = 70W pa 100MHz ;;
adavotera panopa = 200mA;;
Kukana kwakukulu = 0.5W.
9. Foni ndi M'manja mawonekedwe
9.1 Ikani Choke pa mawonekedwe pakati pa Tip ndi mphete.
9.2 Njira yolumikizirana ya foni ndi yofanana ndi yamagetsi, pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga kuwonjezera kuphatikiza kwa inductance, choke, ndi capacitor.Komabe, kudulidwa kwa foni yam'manja kumakhala kovuta komanso kochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuposa kutulutsa magetsi.Mchitidwe wamba ndikusunga malo a zida izi kuti zisinthidwe panthawi yoyeserera / EMI test certification.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-11-2023